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Selected from arXiv

Research threads behind the internet.

2008 / Cloud systems / arXiv:0901.0131
Cloud Computing and Grid Computing 360-Degree Compared
Compares cloud computing with grid computing and related distributed-computing models to clarify the ideas behind computing as a utility.
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2017 / Language models / arXiv:1706.03762
Attention Is All You Need
Introduces the Transformer, which relies on attention for sequence modeling instead of recurrent or convolutional layers.
Read on arXiv
2025 / Search and reasoning / arXiv:2503.09516
Search-R1: Training LLMs to Reason and Leverage Search Engines with Reinforcement Learning
Explores training language models to generate search queries during reasoning and bring current external information into their answers.
Read on arXiv

Summaries are editorial paraphrases of arXiv abstracts. Each paper title and ID links to its original record; PDFs are not hosted here.

A readable history of internet products, systems, and the work they made possible.

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About this archive

continued.page · An editorial archive built from cited material.

Internet & work history · 1969—today

What has the internet changed?What remains?

Follow the products and roles of each era to see what the internet changed, what it replaced, and what remains.

Explore the timeline Browse the roles

A WORKING ARCHIVE

06 / eras

From network research to intelligent systems. Follow what changed, what it made possible, and what stayed.

1969now

01 / Timeline

Six eras of the internet

011969–1993Connection EraLetting different computers and networks talk to each other
021994–2000WebEveryone can view web pages, and portals bring information online
032001–2008Community & Search EraUsers start producing content; search and e-commerce find ways to make money
042009–2015Mobile EraThe internet goes in your pocket; users and traffic explode

02 / People

Work behind the screen

01Frontend EngineerTurning product ideas into an interface people can use.Profile
02Backend EngineerHandling rules and data so every request gets a response.Profile
03Product ManagerClarify the real needs and decide with the team what to build first.Profile
04Operations SpecialistBuild content, community, and user growth to keep product and people connected.Profile
05DevOps EngineerManage servers, ship releases, monitor systems and stay on call to keep services running.Profile
06Interaction DesignerMap out the paths people take, so complex things become easy to understand.Profile

How to read this archive

A technology story is also a work story.

Every era links its pressures and inventions to the jobs that appeared around them. Source links stay close to the claims they support.

About the archive